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Journal of Black Psychology
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Reliability and Structural Validity of Cross Racial Identity Scale Scores in a Sample of African American Adults

Frank C. Worrell

University of California, Berkeley

Beverly J. Vandiver

Pennsylvania State University

William E. Cross, Jr.

City University of New York

Peony E. Fhagen-Smith

Wheaton College

In this article, the authors examine the internal consistency and structural validity of scores on the Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS; Vandiver et al., 2000; Worrell, Vandiver, & Cross, 2000) in a sample of 105 adults. Exploratory factor analyses provided support for the six-factor structure of the CRIS. Reliability estimates for the scores were in the high to moderate range, and subscale inter-correlations were low. The authors conclude that the evidence supporting the CRIS is strong and recommend that the examination of CRIS scores be extended into other areas of construct validity.

Key Words: CRIS • nigrescence • racial identity • reliability validity

Journal of Black Psychology, Vol. 30, No. 4, 489-505 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/0095798404268281
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F. C. Worrell, B. J. Vandiver, B. A. Schaefer, W. E. Cross Jr., and P. E. Fhagen-Smith
Generalizing Nigrescence Profiles: Cluster Analyses of Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS) Scores in Three Independent Samples
The Counseling Psychologist, July 1, 2006; 34(4): 519 - 547.
[Abstract] [PDF]